Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the large intestine, leading to ulcers and inflammation in the colon and rectum. It is characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea (often bloody), rectal bleeding, and urgency to have bowel movements.

The exact cause of ulcerative colitis remains unknown, but it is believed to involve an abnormal immune response against the body’s own intestinal tissues triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals.

Diagnosis is usually confirmed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy with biopsy.

While there is no cure for ulcerative colitis, treatment aims at alleviating symptoms and maintaining remission.

This typically involves medications such as corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics. In severe cases or when complications arise, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected portion of the colon.

Management of ulcerative colitis also focuses on lifestyle modifications including a healthy diet rich in fiber and fluids as well as stress reduction techniques.

Regular monitoring and support from healthcare professionals are crucial for individuals living with this condition to achieve optimal long-term outcomes.