Acne

Acne is a common dermatological condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide, typically beginning in adolescence.

The primary cause of acne is the overproduction of sebum by sebaceous glands, leading to clogged pores and the formation of comedones, also known as blackheads or whiteheads. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during puberty, are crucial factors that contribute to increased sebum production.

Additionally, bacteria known as Propionibacterium acnes thrive in these clogged pores and exacerbate inflammation. Common signs and symptoms include redness, swelling, pustules, papules, nodules, and occasionally painful cysts. Medications such as topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide-based agents, antibiotics, oral contraceptive pills for females with hormonal acne patterns are often prescribed to address mild to moderate cases.

In severe cases or when scarring occurs, oral isotretinoin may be necessary but requires close monitoring due to potential side effects. Alongside medications exploring coping mechanisms like practicing good skin hygiene regularly can be beneficial whereas prevention strategies involve regular washing of face with mild cleansers and avoiding excessive make-up usage or squeezing pimples which could worsen the condition significantly.